Wednesday, August 31, 2016
Approved tapeworm drug may offer babies protection from Zika
U.S. researchers have identified two groups of existing drug compounds that may protect against the devastating fetal effects of the Zika virus. One of those compounds, they detail in a study published Monday in the journal Nature Medicine, is already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat tapeworm.
http://www.foxnews.com/health/2016/08/31/approved-tapeworm-drug-may-offer-babies-protection-from-zika.html
http://www.foxnews.com/health/2016/08/31/approved-tapeworm-drug-may-offer-babies-protection-from-zika.html
Tuesday, August 30, 2016
Ahead of Print -Accuracy of Diagnosis of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis in China - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
In 2008, human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) was reported from China. However, the clinical and laboratory findings, including reports of nosocomial transmission, were inconsistent with those reported for HGA in the United States. In 2012, it was demonstrated that the patients described in the 2008 report had all been infected with a newly discovered bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, which causes an illness with the same clinical features described for the patients in the 2008 report. This finding raises the question of HGA misdiagnosis in China and establishes the need for further studies to determine whether HGA occurs there.
Ahead of Print -Accuracy of Diagnosis of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis in China - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Accuracy of Diagnosis of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis in China - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Whole-Genome Characterization of Epidemic Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C and Resurging Serogroup W, Niger, 2015 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
In 2015, Niger reported the largest epidemic of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (NmC) meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa. The NmC epidemic coincided with serogroup W (NmW) cases during the epidemic season, resulting in a total of 9,367 meningococcal cases through June 2015. To clarify the phylogenetic association, genetic evolution, and antibiotic determinants of the meningococcal strains in Niger, we sequenced the genomes of 102 isolates from this epidemic, comprising 81 NmC and 21 NmW isolates. The genomes of 82 isolates were completed, and all 102 were included in the analysis. All NmC isolates had sequence type 10217, which caused the outbreaks in Nigeria during 2013–2014 and for which a clonal complex has not yet been defined. The NmC isolates from Niger were substantially different from other NmC isolates collected globally. All NmW isolates belonged to clonal complex 11 and were closely related to the isolates causing recent outbreaks in Africa.
Ahead of Print -Whole-Genome Characterization of Epidemic Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C and Resurging Serogroup W, Niger, 2015 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Whole-Genome Characterization of Epidemic Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C and Resurging Serogroup W, Niger, 2015 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Sporotrichosis-Associated Hospitalizations, United States, 2000–2013 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
To determine frequency and risk for sporotrichosis-associated hospitalizations, we analyzed the US 2000–2013 National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. An estimated 1,471 hospitalizations occurred (average annual rate 0.35/1 million persons). Hospitalizations were associated with HIV/AIDS, immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although rare, severe sporotrichosis should be considered for at-risk patients.
Ahead of Print -Sporotrichosis-Associated Hospitalizations, United States, 2000–2013 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Sporotrichosis-Associated Hospitalizations, United States, 2000–2013 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Population-Level Effects of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Programs on Infections with Nonvaccine Genotypes - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
We analyzed human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalences during prevaccination and postvaccination periods to consider possible changes in nonvaccine HPV genotypes after introduction of vaccines that confer protection against 2 high-risk types, HPV16 and HPV18. Our meta-analysis included 9 studies with data for 13,886 girls and women ≤19 years of age and 23,340 women 20–24 years of age. We found evidence of cross-protection for HPV31 among the younger age group after vaccine introduction but little evidence for reductions of HPV33 and HPV45. For the group this same age group, we also found slight increases in 2 nonvaccine high-risk HPV types (HPV39 and HPV52) and in 2 possible high-risk types (HPV53 and HPV73). However, results between age groups and vaccines used were inconsistent, and the increases had possible alternative explanations; consequently, these data provided no clear evidence for type replacement. Continued monitoring of these HPV genotypes is important.
Ahead of Print -Population-Level Effects of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Programs on Infections with Nonvaccine Genotypes - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Population-Level Effects of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Programs on Infections with Nonvaccine Genotypes - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Saturday, August 27, 2016
Ahead of Print -Early Growth and Neurologic Outcomes of Infants with Probable Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome - Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
We report the early growth and neurologic findings of 48 infants in Brazil diagnosed with probable congenital Zika virus syndrome and followed to age 1–8 months. Most of these infants had microcephaly (86.7%) and craniofacial disproportion (95.8%). The clinical pattern included poor head growth with increasingly negative z-scores, pyramidal/extrapyramidal symptoms, and epilepsy.
Ahead of Print -Early Growth and Neurologic Outcomes of Infants with Probable Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome - Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Early Growth and Neurologic Outcomes of Infants with Probable Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome - Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Mayaro Virus in Child with Acute Febrile Illness, Haiti, 2015 - Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Mayaro virus has been associated with small outbreaks in northern South America. We isolated this virus from a child with acute febrile illness in rural Haiti, confirming its role as a cause of mosquitoborne illness in the Caribbean region. The clinical presentation can mimic that of chikungunya, dengue, and Zika virus infections.
Ahead of Print -Mayaro Virus in Child with Acute Febrile Illness, Haiti, 2015 - Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Mayaro Virus in Child with Acute Febrile Illness, Haiti, 2015 - Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Thursday, August 25, 2016
NoroCORE: A Comprehensive Approach to a Near ‘Perfect’ Human Pathogen
From the USDA:
About 5 million Americans suffer from foodborne illness each year. (iStock photo)
Today’s guest blog features the USDA-NIFA Food Virology Collaborative (NoroCORE- Norovirus Collaborative for Outreach, Research, and Education), a food safety initiative with the ultimate goal to reduce the burden of foodborne disease associated with viruses, particularly noroviruses. Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States accounting for around 5 million of the 21 million annual cases associated with contaminated foods. Cost of illness is estimated to be billions of dollars per year.
By Dr. Elizabeth Bradshaw, NoroCORE extension associate, and Dr. Lee-Ann Jaykus, NoroCORE scientific director
Even if you have not experienced a norovirus infection personally (consider yourself fortunate!), you probably know someone who has or have heard of an outbreak of the “stomach flu.” Most people know norovirus by its symptoms: a couple of memorable days of vomiting and diarrhea, sometimes with a fever and a headache.
These maladies are caused by 27-nanometer viruses—tiny, even by virus standards. The norovirus “bugs” are so good at infecting us that they have been called the “Perfect Human Pathogen.” It is so virulent that a person can become sick within a few hours of consuming as few as 20 virus particles. There are about 21 million cases per year in the United States alone, with about 800 deaths.
The NoroCORE team has taken up the challenge to understand and control food borne virus risks. Led by North Carolina State, NoroCORE is a multi-disciplinary collaborative of 30 researchers who are top scientists in the fields of basic, food and environmental virology from 25 universities. Their goal is to reduce the burden of foodborne illness associated with viruses. NIFA supports the project with a $25 million Agriculture and Food Research Initiative grant.
NoroCORE’s six primary objectives are molecular virology, detection, epidemiology and risk analysis; prevention and control; extension and outreach; and education and capacity building. Collaborators work with each other, often across institutions and disciplines, which leads to the development of better tools and skills as well as shared resources and knowledge.
NoroCORE also has a massive outreach component with input from more than 200 stakeholders that includes members of government and public health agencies, food production and safety groups, restaurant and cruise line industries, manufacturers of sanitation and hygiene products, testing laboratories, and a variety of commodity and trade organizations. This was an integral part of NoroCORE’s design to ensure that the research being done is immediately applicable to real-world needs. Education is also a component of NoroCORE because knowledge must be shared to be useful.
NIFA invests in and advances agricultural research, education and extension and seeks to make transformative discoveries that solve societal challenges.
Ahead of Print -Global Capacity for Emerging Infectious Disease Detection, 1996–2014 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
The speed with which disease outbreaks are recognized is critical for establishing effective control efforts. We evaluate global improvements in the timeliness of outbreak discovery and communication during 2010–2014 as a follow-up to a 2010 report. For all outbreaks reported by the World Health Organization’s Disease Outbreak News, we estimate the number of days from first symptoms until outbreak discovery and until first public communication. We report median discovery and communication delays overall, by region, and by Human Development Index (HDI) quartile. We use Cox proportional hazards regression to assess changes in these 2 outcomes over time, along with Loess curves for visualization. Improvement since 1996 was greatest in the Eastern Mediterranean and Western Pacific regions and in countries in the middle HDI quartiles. However, little progress has occurred since 2010. Further improvements in surveillance will likely require additional international collaboration with a focus on regions of low or unstable HDI.
Ahead of Print -Global Capacity for Emerging Infectious Disease Detection, 1996–2014 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Global Capacity for Emerging Infectious Disease Detection, 1996–2014 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Estimation of Severe Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Cases in the Middle East, 2012–2016 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Most Middle East respiratory syndrome caseshave been recorded in the Middle East. Using data from travelers to this region, we estimated 3,250 (95% CI 1,300–6,600) severe MERS cases occurred in the Middle East during September 2012–January 2016, which is 2.3-fold higher than the number of laboratory-confirmed cases recorded in these countries.
Ahead of Print -Estimation of Severe Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Cases in the Middle East, 2012–2016 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Estimation of Severe Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Cases in the Middle East, 2012–2016 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Community- and Healthcare-Associated Clostridium difficile Infections, Finland, 2008−20131 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
We evaluated incidence, case-fatality rate, and trends of community-associated (CA) and healthcare-associated (HA) Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs) in Finland during 2008–2013. CDIs were identified in the National Infectious Disease Register, deaths in the National Population Information System, hospitalizations to classify infections as CA or HA in the National Hospital Discharge Register, and genotypes in a reference laboratory. A total of 32,991 CDIs were identified: 10,643 (32.3%) were CA (32.9 cases/100,000 population) and 22,348 (67.7%) HA (69.1/100,000). Overall annual incidence decreased from 118.7/100,000 in 2008 to 92.1/100,000 in 2013, which was caused by reduction in HA-CDI rates (average annual decrease 8.1%; p<0.001). The 30-day case-fatality rate was lower for CA-CDIs than for HA-CDIs (3.2% vs. 13.3%; p<0.001). PCR ribotypes 027 and 001 were more common in HA-CDIs than in CA-CDIs. Although the HA-CDI incidence rate decreased, which was probably caused by increased awareness and improved infection control, the CA-CDI rate increased.
Ahead of Print -Community- and Healthcare-Associated Clostridium difficile Infections, Finland, 2008−20131 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Community- and Healthcare-Associated Clostridium difficile Infections, Finland, 2008−20131 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Daily Reportable Disease Spatiotemporal Cluster Detection, New York City, New York, USA, 2014–2015 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Each day, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene uses the free SaTScan software to apply prospective space–time permutation scan statistics to strengthen early outbreak detection for 35 reportable diseases. This method prompted early detection of outbreaks of community-acquired legionellosis and shigellosis.
Ahead of Print -Daily Reportable Disease Spatiotemporal Cluster Detection, New York City, New York, USA, 2014–2015 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Daily Reportable Disease Spatiotemporal Cluster Detection, New York City, New York, USA, 2014–2015 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Hypervirulent Clone of Group B Streptococcus Serotype III Sequence Type 283, Hong Kong, 1993–2012 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
We describe a hypervirulent clone of group B Streptococcus serotype III, subtype 4, sequence type 283, that caused invasive disease with a predilection for meningitis in Hong Kong during 1993–2012. The organism is associated with high mortality and increased summer prevalence and is linked to diseased fish from freshwater fish farms.
Ahead of Print -Hypervirulent Clone of Group B Streptococcus Serotype III Sequence Type 283, Hong Kong, 1993–2012 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Hypervirulent Clone of Group B Streptococcus Serotype III Sequence Type 283, Hong Kong, 1993–2012 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Wednesday, August 24, 2016
Ahead of Print -Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Capsule In Vivo - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Many Streptococcus suis isolates from porcine endocarditis in slaughterhouses have lost their capsule and are considered avirulent. However, we retrieved capsule- and virulence-recovered S. suis after in vivo passages of a nonencapsulated strain in mice, suggesting that nonencapsulated S. suis are still potentially hazardous for persons in the swine industry.
Ahead of Print -Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Capsule In Vivo - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Capsule In Vivo - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses and Children with Primary Immunodeficiency, Iran, 1995–2014 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Widespread use of oral poliovirus vaccine has led to an ≈99.9% decrease in global incidence of poliomyelitis (from ≈350,000 cases in 1988 to 74 cases in 2015) and eradication of wild-type poliovirus serotypes 2 and 3. However, patients with primary immunodeficiency might shed vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) for an extended period, which could pose a major threat to polio eradication programs. Since 1995, sixteen VDPV populations have been isolated from 14 patients with immunodeficiency in Iran. For these patients, vaccine-associated paralysis, mostly in >1 extremity, was the first manifestation of primary immunodeficiency. Seven patients with humoral immunodeficiency cleared VDPV infection more frequently than did 6 patients with combined immunodeficiencies. Our results raise questions about manifestations of VDPVs in immunodeficient patients and the role of cellular immunity against enterovirus infections. On the basis of an association between VDPVs and immunodeficiency, we advocate screening of patients with primary immunodeficiency for shedding of polioviruses.
Ahead of Print -Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses and Children with Primary Immunodeficiency, Iran, 1995–2014 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses and Children with Primary Immunodeficiency, Iran, 1995–2014 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Increase in Meningococcal Serogroup W Disease, Victoria, Australia, 2013–2015 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
In Victoria, Australia, invasive meningococcal disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W increased from 4% of all cases in 2013 to 30% in 2015. This increase resulted largely from strains similar to those in the serogroup W sequence type 11 clonal complex, previously described in the United Kingdom and South America.
Ahead of Print -Increase in Meningococcal Serogroup W Disease, Victoria, Australia, 2013–2015 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Increase in Meningococcal Serogroup W Disease, Victoria, Australia, 2013–2015 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Guinea Worm (Dracunculus medinensis) Infection in a Wild-Caught Frog, Chad - Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
A third-stage (infective) larva of Dracunculus medinensis, the causative agent of Guinea worm disease, was recovered from a wild-caught Phrynobatrachus francisci frog in Chad. Although green frogs (Lithobates clamitans) have been experimentally infected with D. medinensis worms, our findings prove that frogs can serve as natural paratenic hosts.
Ahead of Print -Guinea Worm (Dracunculus medinensis) Infection in a Wild-Caught Frog, Chad - Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Guinea Worm (Dracunculus medinensis) Infection in a Wild-Caught Frog, Chad - Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Tuesday, August 23, 2016
Monday, August 22, 2016
Thursday, August 11, 2016
Ahead of Print -Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Doxycycline Efficacy for Rectal Lymphogranuloma Venereum in Men Who Have Sex with Men - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Rectal lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) has reemerged as a sexually transmitted infection among men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly those who are HIV-positive. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of doxycycline (100 mg 2×/d for 21 days) for rectal LGV in MSM. Nine studies were included: 4 prospective, 4 retrospective, and 1 combined retrospective and prospective. In total, 282 MSM with rectal LGV were included in the studies. All studies reported using nucleic acid amplification tests to assess microbial cure. Most patients (>80%) had symptomatic rectal infection. The fixed-effects pooled efficacy for doxycycline was 98.5% (95% CI 96.3%–100%, I2 = 0%; p = 0.993). Doxycycline at 100 mg twice daily for 21 days demonstrated a high microbial cure rate. These data support doxycycline at this dosage and duration as first-line therapy for rectal LGV in MSM.
Ahead of Print -Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Doxycycline Efficacy for Rectal Lymphogranuloma Venereum in Men Who Have Sex with Men - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Doxycycline Efficacy for Rectal Lymphogranuloma Venereum in Men Who Have Sex with Men - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Elevated Risk for Antimicrobial Drug–Resistant Shigella Infection among Men Who Have Sex with Men, United States, 2011–2015 - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Shigella spp. cause ≈500,000 illnesses in the United States annually, and resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin is emerging. We investigated associations between transmission route and antimicrobial resistance among US shigellosis clusters reported during 2011–2015. Of 32 clusters, 9 were caused by shigellae resistant to ciprofloxacin (3 clusters), ceftriaxone (2 clusters), or azithromycin (7 clusters); 3 clusters were resistant to >1 of these drugs. We observed resistance to any of these drugs in all 7 clusters among men who have sex with men (MSM) but in only 2 of the other 25 clusters (p<0.001). Azithromycin resistance was more common among MSM-associated clusters than other clusters (86% vs. 4% of clusters; p<0.001). For adults with suspected shigellosis, clinicians should culture feces; obtain sex histories; discuss shigellosis prevention; and choose treatment, when needed, according to antimicrobial drug susceptibility. Public health interviews for enteric illnesses should encompass sex practices; health messaging for MSM must include shigellosis prevention.
Ahead of Print -Elevated Risk for Antimicrobial Drug–Resistant Shigella Infection among Men Who Have Sex with Men, United States, 2011–2015 - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Elevated Risk for Antimicrobial Drug–Resistant Shigella Infection among Men Who Have Sex with Men, United States, 2011–2015 - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Persistent Bacillus cereus Bacteremia in 3 Persons who Inject Drugs, San Diego, California, USA - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Bacillus cereus is typically considered a blood culture contaminant; however, its presence in blood cultures can indicate true bacteremia. We report 4 episodes of B. cereus bacteremia in 3 persons who inject drugs. Multilocus sequence typing showed that the temporally associated infections were caused by unrelated clones.
Ahead of Print -Persistent Bacillus cereus Bacteremia in 3 Persons who Inject Drugs, San Diego, California, USA - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Persistent Bacillus cereus Bacteremia in 3 Persons who Inject Drugs, San Diego, California, USA - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Reduction of Healthcare-Associated Infections by Exceeding High Compliance with Hand Hygiene Practices - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Improving hand hygiene from high to very high compliance has not been documented to decrease healthcare-associated infections. We conducted longitudinal analyses during 2013–2015 in an 853-bed hospital and observed a significantly increased hand hygiene compliance rate (p<0.001) and a significantly decreased healthcare-associated infection rate (p = 0.0066).
Ahead of Print -Reduction of Healthcare-Associated Infections by Exceeding High Compliance with Hand Hygiene Practices - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Reduction of Healthcare-Associated Infections by Exceeding High Compliance with Hand Hygiene Practices - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Borrelia miyamotoi–Associated Neuroborreliosis in Immunocompromised Persons - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Borrelia miyamotoi is a newly recognized human pathogen in the relapsing fever group of spirochetes. We investigated a case of B. miyamotoi infection of the central nervous system resembling B. burgdorferi–induced Lyme neuroborreliosis and determined that this emergent agent of central nervous system infection can be diagnosed with existing methods.
Ahead of Print -Borrelia miyamotoi–Associated Neuroborreliosis in Immunocompromised Persons - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Borrelia miyamotoi–Associated Neuroborreliosis in Immunocompromised Persons - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Wednesday, August 10, 2016
Friday, August 5, 2016
Ahead of Print -Ebola Virus Disease, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2014 - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
During July–November 2014, the Democratic Republic of the Congo underwent its seventh Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak. The etiologic agent was Zaire Ebola virus; 66 cases were reported (overall case-fatality rate 74.2%). Through a retrospective observational study of confirmed EVD in 25 patients admitted to either of 2 Ebola treatment centers, we described clinical features and investigated correlates associated with death. Clinical features were mainly generic. At admission, 76% of patients had >1 gastrointestinal symptom and 28% >1hemorrhagic symptom. The case-fatality rate in this group was 48% and was higher for female patients (67%). Cox regression analysis correlated death with initial low cycle threshold, indicating high viral load. Cycle threshold was a robust predictor of death, as were fever, hiccups, diarrhea, dyspnea, dehydration, disorientation, hematemesis, bloody feces during hospitalization, and anorexia in recent medical history. Differences from other outbreaks could suggest guidance for optimizing clinical management and disease control.
Ahead of Print -Ebola Virus Disease, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2014 - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Ahead of Print -Ebola Virus Disease, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2014 - Volume 22, Number 9—September 2016 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Wednesday, August 3, 2016
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)